Abstract

Fever is a common physiological response characterized by an elevation in body temperature, often indicating an underlying medical condition. This abstract provides an overview of fever, including its causes, symptoms, and management strategies. Fever occurs when the body's internal thermostat, located in the hypothalamus, raises the body temperature in response to various stimuli. These stimuli can be infections caused by bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens. Non-infectious causes such as inflammatory conditions, medication side effects, malignancies, or even physical exertion can also trigger fever. Symptoms of fever vary depending on its underlying cause and severity. Common symptoms include an elevated body temperature above the normal range of 36-37°C (96.8-98.6°F), chills, sweating, headache, muscle aches, fatigue, and loss of appetite. In some cases, additional symptoms specific to the underlying condition may also manifest. The management of fever primarily focuses on treating the underlying cause while alleviating symptoms and providing comfort. Non-pharmacological interventions such as rest, maintaining adequate hydration, and utilizing cooling measures like tepid sponging or cooling blankets can help reduce temperature. Over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to control fever and alleviate associated discomfort. However, it is essential to follow appropriate dosing guidelines and consult a healthcare professional, especially for children or individuals with pre-existing medical condition